How to enhance sentiment strategies using MSCI Barra Risk Models

November 14, 2017 (Updated version February 2023)

In this study, we demonstrate how RavenPack Analytics can be predictive of stock performance after neutralizing the exposure to MSCI Barra risk factors.

The Barra Risk Factor Analysis is a risk model developed by MSCI, an American finance company. It incorporates over 40 data metrics, such as earnings growth or share turnover. It is used to measure the overall risk associated with a security relative to the market, around three components:

  • For the U.S., Information Ratios (IR) of 3.8 and 6.1 are achieved for the Russell 1000 and the Russell 2000, respectively. We get IRs of 3.2 and 4.2 for their European equivalent.
  • The predictive power of the signal is statistically significant and positive across the entire backtesting period.
  • The prediction quantile analysis shows a desirable profile, providing higher returns for more extreme predictions.

For the sake of simplicity, when evaluating how efficient a trading signal is, researchers often use excess returns. This is equivalent to assuming just a single risk factor (the market) with constant factor exposure (𝛽 = 1) – inspired by CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model). In reality, there are several other risk factors and exposure differs not only across time, but also across assets. This can result in incorrect conclusions about signal performance, including when it comes to volatility and signal return.

To effectively isolate the effects of a given signal, we need to account for a broader set of risk factors. Also, we need to make sure that any observed performance cannot be explained by known risk premia - this is the margin by which the projected return on a risky asset is expected to beat the return on a risk-free asset.

Sentiment analysis , a quantification of sentiment based on the analysis of written texts and/or expert consensus on the potential impact of events, is increasingly being seen as an alternative source of information for enhancing risk models.

Moving beyond excess returns

In this paper, we are introducing a risk model to examine the performance of RavenPack sentiment signals after taking into account the contributions from the market, industries, and styles such as value, momentum or size, among others.

We move beyond excess returns to consider the specific returns (as defined by several distinct MSCI Barra risk models) in a daily strategy which improves risk-adjusted performance driven by both higher returns and lower volatility.

This is done as a convenient shortcut to a factor-neutral portfolio implementation. In this context, we evaluate the effect of applying a regional model vs. a global model (USFAST/ USMED vs. GEM3), and faster vs. slower factors (USFAST vs. USMED).

To create our sentiment signal, we take a 1-day average of RavenPack’s Event Sentiment Score (ESS), filtering on highly relevant and novel events. The resulting sentiment indicator is then used as input to a simple linear regression model with the dependent variable being the MSCI specific returns .

3 key research highlights:

RavenPack sentiment adds consistent value in a daily strategy across both U.S. large/mid-caps and small-caps after accounting for MSCI risk factors (see figure and table below). In particular, we achieve IRs of 3.8 and 6.1 (before transaction costs), respectively, across the two market-cap portfolios. We get IRs of 3.2 and 4.2 for their European equivalent.
MSCI Barra Risk Models
Cumulative Log-Abnormal-Return Profiles . Performance of a daily long/short strategy based on RavenPack Analytics under MSCI specific returns (Barra US Total Market Equity Trading Model - USFAST) - For both Russell 1000 and 2000.
USFAST Model Large/Mid Cap Small-Cap
Statistics Specific Return Excess Return Specific Return Excess Return
Annualized Return 12.9% 10.9% 32.7% 30.1%
Annualized Vol. 3.4% 4.5% 5.4% 6.1%
Max. Drawdown 2.3% 6.4% 2.8% 4.4%
Information Ratio 3.76 2.42 6.07 4.92

Experimental Stats. Comparison between MSCI specific returns and excess returns for a set of statistics. Results are shown for USFAST model for Large/Mid-Cap and Small-Cap. Source: RavenPack, MSCI, November 2017.

Sentiment models built on MSCI’s regional risk models (USFAST) outperform, in terms of Information Ratio, the global model (GEM3) by 45% across large and mid-caps and by 18% on small-caps (see Figure 1).
MSCI Barra Risk Models
FIGURE 1. Information Ratio Comparison Across Signals. . Performance is shown for both U.S. Large/Mid-Cap and Small-Cap across different signal aggregations, ranging from one day to one month. Source: RavenPack, MSCI, October 2017.
The performance of the prediction quantiles shows the desired monotonic behavior - with more extreme predictions leading to more extreme returns and Information Ratios (see Figure 6).
MSCI Barra Risk Models
FIGURE 6. Quantile Comparison for USFAST Model Signal . Comparison among prediction quantiles using MSCI specific returns in terms of information ratio. Results are shown for US Large/Mid-Cap (Left) and Small-Cap (Right) Universes. Source: RavenPack, MSCI, October 2017.

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